Which term refers to a hue that has been darkened by the addition of black?

The term that refers to a hue that has been darkened by the addition of black is "shade." In color theory, a shade is created when black is mixed with a color, resulting in a darker version of that color. This darkening process affects how a color is perceived and can alter its emotional and visual impact.

For instance, when applying this concept in floral design, understanding shades can help achieve desired color effects in arrangements. Using a shade of green instead of a standard green can result in a more sophisticated and muted appearance in a floral composition.

In contrast, the other terms have different meanings. A "tone" refers to a hue that has been altered by adding gray, which affects both the lightness and saturation of the original color. "Value" refers to the lightness or darkness of a color, without necessarily indicating any specific alterations. A "tint" is the opposite of a shade; it is created by adding white to a hue, resulting in a lighter version. These distinctions are crucial for floral designers in communicating and utilizing colors effectively in their work.